In the context of green agriculture, market demand for organic fertilizer continues to grow due to its ability to improve soil quality and enhance crop quality. An efficient organic fertilizer production line requires the coordinated operation of various specialized equipment, primarily covering four key stages: pretreatment, fermentation, processing, and finished product handling.
The pretreatment stage is the foundation of organic fertilizer production, and key equipment includes crushing and screening equipment. Crushing equipment, such as chain crushers, can break down raw materials like livestock and poultry manure, straw, and dead branches into uniform particles, preventing large lumps from affecting fermentation. Screening equipment removes impurities (such as stones and plastic) from the raw materials, ensuring purity for subsequent production. Common drum screens and vibrating screens can achieve efficiencies of 10-20 tons per hour, meeting the needs of small and medium-sized production.
The fermentation stage is crucial to organic fertilizer quality, with turners and fermentation tanks as key equipment. Turners come in trough type compost turner and large wheel compost turners. They regularly turn the raw materials, providing ventilation and oxygen, controlling the fermentation temperature at 55-65°C, accelerating the decomposition of organic matter, and preventing clumping. Closed fermentation tanks are suitable for large-scale production. Temperature and humidity control systems shorten the fermentation cycle from the traditional 20-30 days to 7-10 days, while also reducing odor emissions and meeting environmental requirements.
The processing phase primarily improves the shape and uniformity of organic fertilizer, requiring mixing and granulation equipment. Mixing equipment, such as a double axis mixer, precisely blends the fermented raw materials with nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to ensure a balanced nutrient profile. Granulation equipment is the core of the processing phase. Common disc granulators and extrusion granulators can produce granules with a diameter of 2-5 mm, which not only facilitates storage and transportation but also controls the fertilizer release rate, increasing utilization.
The finished product processing phase requires drying, cooling, and packaging equipment. Drying equipment, such as drum fertilizer dryers, uses hot air to reduce the moisture content of pellets to below 15% to prevent mold. Cooling equipment quickly cools the high-temperature pellets after drying to room temperature to prevent agglomeration. Packaging equipment is mostly automatic quantitative packaging machines that can realize integrated weighing and sealing operations, with a packaging speed of up to 300-500 bags per hour, significantly improving the efficiency of finished product delivery.
