In a chicken manure organic fertilizer production line, fermentation is the core process for transforming chicken manure from waste into treasure. It directly determines the quality and safety of organic fertilizer and serves as a crucial bridge between chicken manure and qualified organic fertilizer products.
Before fermentation begins, the manure must be pretreated. Fresh chicken manure has a high moisture content, typically between 70% and 80%, while the ideal moisture content for fermentation is 50% to 60%. Therefore, supplementary materials such as straw and sawdust are added to adjust the moisture content. Furthermore, the manure and supplementary materials must be thoroughly mixed to ensure a loose and breathable material, creating a favorable environment for microbial activity. Incomplete mixing can easily lead to incomplete fermentation in some areas.
During the fermentation stage, temperature control is crucial. In the initial fermentation phase, the material temperature gradually increases. When it reaches 55°C to 65°C, it enters the high-temperature composting stage. This temperature effectively kills pathogens, insect eggs, and weed seeds in the manure, reducing the risk of pest and disease transmission. To maintain a stable high-temperature environment, the materials must be regularly turned using a compost turning machine. Turning not only replenishes oxygen to meet the respiratory needs of aerobic microorganisms, but also ensures even heating of the materials, preventing localized overheating or overheating. Generally, turning is performed every 2-3 days, though the frequency should be adjusted based on the material's temperature and humidity.
During the fermentation process, the moisture content of the materials must also be closely monitored. As fermentation progresses, the heat generated by microbial activity causes water to evaporate. If the moisture content is too low, microbial activity will be affected, slowing fermentation. If the moisture content is too high, the materials will clump, leading to anaerobic fermentation and the generation of unpleasant odors. Water or dry materials should be added promptly to ensure the moisture content remains within the appropriate range.
Usually after 20-30 days of fermentation, the color of the material will turn dark brown or black, the original odor of chicken manure will disappear, and it will be replaced by a light earthy smell. The texture of the material is loose, and it can be lumped together when held in the hand and fall apart when it falls to the ground. This indicates that the fermentation and composting are complete and it can enter the subsequent crushing, granulation and other processes. After being processed on the organic fertilizer production line, it will finally be made into high-quality chicken manure organic fertilizer.
