Organic fertilizer uses livestock and poultry manure, straw, kitchen waste, and other organic waste as raw materials. Through scientific processing, it is transformed into high-efficiency fertilizer, achieving both resource utilization of waste and improvement of soil quality. The organic fertilizer making process is interconnected, focusing on "harmlessness" and "humification," and mainly consists of five key stages, all adhering to scientific proportions and strict control.
Raw material pretreatment is the foundation of organic fertilizer production. First, various organic raw materials are collected. Livestock and poultry manure needs to be dehydrated to a moisture content below 60%. Coarse fiber raw materials such as straw and garden waste are crushed to 2-5 cm. Kitchen waste needs to be sorted to remove impurities such as plastic and metal and then dehydrated. Subsequently, a precise carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of 25:1-30:1 is used, along with auxiliary materials such as rice husks and sawdust to adjust the humidity to 55%-60%. Simultaneously, microbial agents such as EM bacteria and Bacillus subtilis are added to accelerate subsequent fermentation.
High-temperature fermentation is the core process in organic fertilizer production, determining the degree of harmlessness of the organic fertilizer. The prepared raw materials are piled into windrows or placed in fermentation tanks. A compost turning machine is used to periodically turn the material to replenish oxygen, controlling the pile temperature at 55-65℃ and maintaining this temperature for 7-10 days. This effectively kills pathogens, insect eggs, and weed seeds. Temperature and humidity must be monitored in real time during fermentation. If the temperature is too high, the turning machine is used to cool the material; if it is too low, it is covered for insulation. The entire process lasts 20-45 days until the raw materials are initially decomposed.
The post-processing stage is crucial for the final product. The core process includes granulation, which can produce powdered or granular organic fertilizer according to market demand. For powdered organic fertilizer, the fermented material needs to be crushed and sieved to remove uncomposted impurities, ensuring the particle size meets application standards. For granular organic fertilizer, the material is first crushed to a uniform fineness and then fed into a granulator. Through methods such as roller granulation or disc granulation, round and uniform granules are formed. These granules are then dried and cooled to reduce the moisture content to below 15%, increasing granule strength, preventing clumping, and facilitating storage and transportation. Finally, an automatic packaging machine weighs, bags, and seals the granules to complete the finished product packaging.
The entire process must strictly adhere to the "Organic Fertilizer" standards, with physicochemical indicators tested at each stage to ensure product safety and compliance. This organic fertilizer production process not only achieves environmentally friendly treatment of organic waste but also produces green and efficient fertilizer, providing strong support for the development of ecological agriculture.
