Granular organic fertilizer uses organic waste as raw material. After scientific processing, it boasts advantages such as long-lasting fertility, convenient application, and easy storage and transportation, making it an important fertilizer for modern green agriculture. Organic fertilizer production relies heavily on standardized process control. The production process is interconnected, revolving around four core stages: raw material processing, fermentation and maturation, granulation, and subsequent processing. Each step directly affects fertilizer quality.
Raw material pretreatment is the foundation of processing. First, high-quality raw materials such as livestock and poultry manure, straw, and mushroom residue are selected, mixed in proportion, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted to a suitable range. Auxiliary materials are added to adjust the pH to ensure smooth fermentation. Then, the raw materials are crushed to a suitable particle size using a crusher to remove impurities such as stones and plastics. The moisture content is then adjusted to 50%-60%, and the mixture is homogenized using a mixer, laying the foundation for subsequent fermentation.
Fermentation and maturation are the core steps for enhancing fertility. The pretreated raw materials are fed into fermentation equipment, such as trough or tank fermentation. A compost turning machine is used to periodically turn the material, and ventilation and oxygen supply are provided to allow microorganisms to fully decompose organic matter. The fermentation process involves three stages: heating, high temperature, and cooling, lasting 15-20 days, until the raw material turns dark brown, odorless, and loose in texture. This ensures the elimination of pathogens and insect eggs, and the completion of nutrient conversion.
Granulation is crucial for giving the fertilizer its form. The fermented raw material is crushed and sieved, and an appropriate amount of binder is added to increase granule strength. Using a disc, rotary drum, or new type organic fertilizer granulator, the raw material is made into uniform granules of 2-8 mm. After granulation, the granules are sieved to separate substandard granules, which are then returned for regranulation to ensure consistent granule size.
Drying, cooling, and packaging are the final steps. The granules are fed into a dryer, where the temperature is controlled to reduce the moisture content to below 15%. They are then cooled to room temperature to prevent clumping and nutrient volatilization. Finally, they are bagged by an automatic weighing and packaging machine, labeled with relevant indicators, and stored in a cool, dry warehouse, completing the entire processing flow.
These steps are closely linked, achieving both the resource utilization of organic waste and the production of high-quality granular organic fertilizer, providing strong support for soil improvement and crop yield increase.
