Granular organic fertilizer is widely used in agriculture and landscaping due to its uniform nutrient distribution, ease of application, and resistance to nutrient loss. Its production involves a rigorous, standardized process that transforms organic waste—such as livestock manure, crop straw, and spent mushroom substrate—into the final product through several specialized stages. The complete organic fertilizer production process primarily comprises four core stages: raw material pretreatment, high-temperature aerobic fermentation, granulation, and screening and packaging; each stage directly impacts the quality, fertilizing efficiency, and stability of the finished product.
Raw material pretreatment serves as the foundation of granular organic fertilizer production. Various organic waste materials are collected as the primary feedstock and blended with auxiliary materials like sawdust and straw; the mixture's carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio and moisture content are precisely adjusted to meet fermentation requirements. Simultaneously, a combination of manual and mechanical methods is used to remove impurities—such as stones, plastic, and debris—to prevent equipment damage and ensure fertilizer purity. The pretreated material is uniform in texture and stable in condition, laying a solid groundwork for the subsequent fermentation phase.
High-temperature aerobic fermentation is the critical process for rendering the material harmless. The blended materials are transferred to the fermentation area and inoculated with specialized microbial strains; compost turning equipment is used to aerate the pile regularly, triggering the aerobic fermentation reaction. During this process, the temperature stabilizes between 55°C and 70°C; this sustained high heat effectively eliminates pathogens, insect eggs, and weed seeds, ensuring the material is sanitized. After 15 to 25 days of thorough decomposition, the material breaks down completely, loses unpleasant odors, and transforms into a loose, fertile organic substrate.
Granulation is the key step in shaping the granular organic fertilizer. Since the decomposed material tends to clump, it must be finely pulverized to meet production standards before being fed into the granulator. The formed granules undergo drying and cooling to reduce moisture content and increase hardness; this prevents clumping and mold growth, ensuring the fertilizer maintains a stable texture and high quality.
Finally, the material undergoes precision screening and packaging. Screening equipment separates out substandard granules—such as those with uneven sizes or defects—for reprocessing, while granules meeting specifications become the finished organic fertilizer product. Automated equipment is then used for quantitative packaging, sealing and labeling, and warehousing. This entire process enables the resource utilization of organic waste; the resulting granular organic fertilizer is eco-friendly and effectively improves soil structure and fertility, thereby supporting high-quality, high-yield crop production.
