The core of organic fertilizer production equipment selection is to match the process flow and production capacity, achieving a balance between resource utilization of raw materials and efficient production. The equipment selection should revolve around the entire closed-loop process of organic fertilizer production: "pretreatment—fermentation and maturation—post-processing—storage and packaging." It requires precise combination based on raw material characteristics and product positioning to avoid production bottlenecks or idle equipment.
The pretreatment stage is fundamental, and the equipment selection needs to address raw material impurity removal, crushing, and proportioning. For raw materials such as livestock and poultry manure and straw, small production lines can be equipped with hammer crushers and manual grates to control particle size to 2-5cm; high-moisture raw materials require a simple solid-liquid separator. Medium and large-scale production lines should use double axis crushers and intelligent sorting machines, combined with conveyors for automated feeding. Simultaneously, a double-shaft mixer is used to precisely control the carbon-nitrogen ratio and moisture content, laying the foundation for fermentation.
Fermentation and maturation are the core processes, directly affecting the product quality of organic fertilizer production. Small lines use 3-5m wide trough-type turning machines and fermentation tanks, employing batch fermentation; medium-sized lines add intelligent temperature control systems, with 1-2 turning machines operating in parallel to shorten the cycle; large-scale lines can use enclosed fermentation chambers and intelligent monitoring platforms, coupled with biofilter deodorization equipment, balancing efficiency and environmental protection, ensuring continuous high-temperature fermentation at 55-65℃ for 5-7 days.
Post-processing and storage equipment need to be adjusted according to the product form. Producing powdered fertilizer only requires a rotary screen and a quantitative packaging machine; granular fertilizer requires additional granulation, drying, and cooling equipment. Disc or drum granulators are suitable for different capacities, and the dryer and cooler need to match the granulation efficiency, reducing moisture content to below 15%. Medium and large-scale lines can be equipped with fully automatic packaging and palletizing lines and a central dust removal system to achieve clean and large-scale production.
Equipment selection must follow the principles of "capacity matching, smooth process, and environmental compliance," which is also key to optimizing the organic fertilizer production process. Small lines prioritize simplified configurations to control costs, while medium and large-scale lines emphasize automation and environmental protection equipment. By rationally planning the layout to allow for the natural flow of materials and reduce energy consumption, and by simultaneously implementing supporting environmental protection facilities, it is possible to achieve a win-win situation of both resource utilization of agricultural waste and economic benefits.
