Answer: The odor in organic fertilizer production mainly originates from harmful gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide produced during the fermentation of raw materials like livestock manure and straw. This is often caused by uneven fermentation, excessive moisture, poor aeration, and lack of beneficial microorganisms. It can be effectively resolved through a three-step process: process adjustment, physical deodorization, and biological antibacterial treatment. This method is simple, low-cost, and suitable for large, medium, and small organic fertilizer processing plants.
First, optimizing the fermentation process is fundamental. Strictly control the moisture content of the raw materials, adjusting the moisture content of the manure and straw mixture to 55%–60% to avoid excessive moisture leading to anaerobic fermentation and foul odors. Simultaneously, regularly turn and ventilate the compost pile with a turning machine to increase aeration, accelerate aerobic fermentation, and reduce the accumulation and overflow of odorous gases.
Second, biological deodorization is the most environmentally friendly and efficient method. Adding specialized deodorizing bacteria at the initial fermentation stage quickly decomposes odorous substances in the material, inhibits the growth of putrefactive bacteria, reduces odor production at the source, and also improves the maturity and nutrient content of the organic fertilizer.
Finally, physical deodorization and odor control are employed as supplementary methods. A spray deodorization system can be installed in the factory area, with plant-based deodorizing agents sprayed regularly. Gas collection and exhaust equipment should be installed in the fermentation workshop and enclosed silos to centrally collect and treat exhaust gases before discharging them. Accumulated waste should be cleaned up regularly to maintain a clean factory area and prevent the continued spread of odors. This entire method can quickly eliminate production odors and meet environmental protection production requirements.
