As a cornerstone fertilizer in green agriculture, granular organic fertilizer is produced using organic waste—such as livestock and poultry manure and crop straw—as raw materials, processed through scientific methodologies. This approach not only facilitates the recycling of resources but also serves to improve soil quality and enhance the overall quality of agricultural produce. Organic fertilizer production process is a tightly integrated chain requiring rigorous control over every single step to guarantee the fertilizer's potency and stability; the entire operation can be broadly categorized into five core stages.
Raw material pretreatment constitutes the foundation of the production process. Personnel first collect raw materials—including livestock manure, straw, and spent mushroom substrate—and utilize crushing and screening equipment to remove impurities and large foreign objects. Fibrous materials, such as straw, are pulverized to an appropriate particle size to increase the surface area available for microbial interaction. Simultaneously, the moisture content of the raw materials is adjusted to between 55% and 65%. Auxiliary materials are added to fine-tune the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio to a range of 25:1 to 30:1, followed by the introduction of microbial inoculants; the mixture is then thoroughly blended using a mixer to prepare it for the subsequent fermentation stage.
Fermentation and maturation represent the critical stage that determines the ultimate quality of the fertilizer. The blended raw materials are transferred into fermentation troughs or enclosed fermentation tanks, where the temperature is strictly controlled within a range of 55°C to 70°C and maintained for a specific duration. During this phase, microorganisms are utilized to decompose organic matter while simultaneously eliminating insect eggs, pathogens, and weed seeds. Throughout this period, the material is periodically turned over using a compost turning machine to ensure adequate aeration and promote uniform fermentation. The entire fermentation cycle typically spans 15 to 25 days; following fermentation, the material undergoes an additional 10 to 15 days of "post-maturation" aging to further stabilize the organic compounds.
Crushing, mixing, and granulation constitute the core steps in achieving the "granular" form of the fertilizer. The aged material is processed through crushing equipment to meet the specific particle size requirements for granulation. Subsequently, based on product standards, specific nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) or functional microbial agents are added and thoroughly blended into the mixture. The material is then processed through granulation equipment—such as disc granulators or new type organic fertilizer granulators—to form uniform-sized granules. The size and hardness of these granules can be adjusted according to specific requirements, thereby ensuring both a high granulation yield and robust granule strength.
Drying, cooling, screening, and packaging mark the final stages of the production process. The newly formed granules typically possess a high moisture content; they are therefore fed into a drum dryer, where hot air is utilized to reduce the moisture level to below 15%. Subsequently, the granules are passed through a cooling machine to lower their temperature to near ambient levels, thereby enhancing their structural stability and durability. Subsequently, following a grading and screening process, any non-conforming granules are pulverized and returned to the granulation stage, while the conforming granules are quantitatively bagged using automated packaging machinery before being transferred to storage.
The entire organic fertilizer production process is environmentally friendly and pollution-free, effectively realizing the resource utilization of organic waste. Strict control over every stage of the operation not only guarantees the fertility and safety of the granular organic fertilizer but also endows it with advantages regarding ease of storage, transport, and mechanized application—thereby providing robust support for the development of green agriculture.
