As a core component of circular agriculture, organic fertilizer production lines draw on a wide and diverse range of raw materials, encompassing agriculture, animal husbandry, industry, and urban life. After scientific processing, these raw materials can be transformed into nutrient-rich organic fertilizer, addressing waste pollution while providing high-quality nutrients for agricultural production.
Agricultural waste, including crop straw, rice husks, and sawdust, is a key raw material for organic fertilizer production lines. Corn and wheat straw are rich in cellulose, and crushing and composting them can increase the bulk of organic fertilizer and improve soil aeration. Rice husks and sawdust retain water well, improving the physical properties of the fertilizer. However, these raw materials have a high carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and require fermentation with high-nitrogen raw materials.
Livestock and poultry manure, such as pig manure, cattle manure, and chicken manure, is another important raw material. Livestock and poultry manure contains significant amounts of essential nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as numerous trace elements, making it a crucial source of nutrients for organic fertilizers. Chicken manure, for example, has a relatively high nitrogen content among all types of livestock and poultry manure. However, untreated chicken manure can contain a high concentration of pathogens and insect eggs, and can easily produce a foul odor. Therefore, after entering the production line, it must first undergo solid-liquid separation to remove excess water, followed by high-temperature composting and fermentation to kill harmful microorganisms and decompose organic matter into a form more easily absorbed by crops.
Industrial organic waste, including distiller's grains, vinegar grains, soybean meal residue, and traditional Chinese medicine residues, can be used as a supplement. These nutrient-rich materials include distiller's grains, vinegar grains, soybean meal residue, and traditional Chinese medicine residues. Distiller's grains, for example, contain protein and organic acids, which can enhance fertilizer efficiency. However, these materials must be rigorously screened to ensure they are free of harmful substances such as heavy metals and chemical additives, and must pass testing before use.
City organic waste, including kitchen waste and garden waste, can also be used after sorting and pretreatment. Fermentation of kitchen waste produces organic matter, and garden waste improves fertilizer structure. However, due to its complex composition, specialized equipment is required for sorting, crushing, and harmless treatment to prevent impurities from affecting quality.
These diversified raw materials undergo a series of processes such as crushing, mixing, fermentation, and granulation in the organic fertilizer production line, and are ultimately transformed into efficient and environmentally friendly organic fertilizers, providing strong support for the sustainable development of agriculture.
