The core value of organic fertilizer lies in "turning waste into fertilizer." Its raw material sources are wide-ranging and diverse, covering multiple fields such as agricultural production, livestock and poultry farming, and urban and rural life. It not only solves the problem of waste disposal but also provides natural nutrients to the soil, serving as a fundamental guarantee for the organic fertilizer production process.
Agricultural production waste is the main source of raw materials for organic fertilizer. Various crop straws, such as corn stalks, wheat straw, and rice straw, are rich in cellulose and lignin. After crushing and fermentation, they can effectively improve soil permeability. Defective fruits, fallen leaves, and vines from fruit and vegetable cultivation are also high-quality raw materials. For example, the residues of greenhouse vegetables and the branches pruned in orchards can be transformed into humus-rich organic fertilizer after processing. In addition, by-products from grain processing, such as bran, rice bran, and soybean meal, are high in protein and minerals, making them important ingredients for enhancing the nutrients in organic fertilizer and providing rich nutritional support for the organic fertilizer making process.
Livestock and poultry farming waste is another important source of raw materials. Livestock manure, such as pig, cow, and chicken manure, is rich in nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, making it a core raw material for traditional organic fertilizers. With the development of large-scale farming, this manure, after centralized collection and harmless treatment, not only eliminates pollution risks but also transforms into highly efficient organic fertilizer through fermentation. Meanwhile, the bedding materials produced during the breeding process, such as sawdust and straw, can be mixed with manure and fermented to further improve the looseness and fertility of the raw materials, helping to achieve dual optimization of nutrients and structure in the production of organic fertilizer.
Urban and rural organic waste also represents a vast potential source of raw materials. Kitchen waste from daily life, such as vegetable leaves, fruit peels, and leftover food, is rich in organic matter. After sorting, recycling, and fermentation, it can become a nutrient-balanced source of organic fertilizer. Furthermore, fallen leaves and branches from garden pruning, and sludge from urban sewage treatment plants, after harmless treatment to remove heavy metals, can also serve as auxiliary raw materials for organic fertilizer production, realizing the resource utilization of urban waste.
Special raw materials add functional attributes to organic fertilizers. For example, industrial byproducts such as medicinal herb residue, distiller's grains, and vinegar residue contain unique bioactive substances that can enhance the disease-resistant and insect-repellent effects of organic fertilizers. Raw materials rich in calcium, such as seashells and bone meal, can be added to organic fertilizers after being crushed, supplementing the soil with trace elements and meeting the specific growth needs of crops.
These widely sourced raw materials, through scientific formulation and harmless treatment, together constitute the raw material system for organic fertilizer production, achieving both waste recycling and providing solid support for the development of green agriculture.
