Organic fertilizer is a core fertilizer for improving soil and enhancing crop quality. It is made from agricultural and forestry waste such as livestock manure, crop straw, and mushroom residue, adhering to the principles of green, environmentally friendly, and harmless decomposition throughout the entire process. The standardized organic fertilizer production process has clear and interconnected steps, mainly divided into four core stages: raw material pretreatment, high-temperature composting and fermentation, fine processing, and finished product treatment.
Raw material pretreatment is the foundation of production. Before production, raw materials such as livestock manure, straw, and auxiliary materials need to be collected and treated to remove impurities such as stones, plastics, and metals. Then, based on the precise carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of the raw materials, the main materials are mixed with straw, sawdust, and other auxiliary materials, and the moisture content is adjusted to around 55%. At the same time, special composting bacteria are added to create suitable conditions for subsequent fermentation, effectively preventing problems such as burning and off-odors in the finished product.
Aerobic fermentation and composting are crucial to the quality of organic fertilizer. The proportioned materials are evenly piled and processed using a windrow aerobic fermentation process, with a windrow compost turner periodically turning the material to supply oxygen. The material rapidly heats up under the action of microorganisms. The high-temperature stage kills insect eggs, pathogens, and weed seeds, achieving harmless treatment. The entire fermentation cycle takes approximately 15 to 25 days. Fermentation is complete when the material is fully decomposed, uniform in color, odorless, and loose in texture.
The decomposed material then enters the fine processing stage. First, a cruser thoroughly crushes any lumps, followed by screening to remove large, unfermented pieces, ensuring uniform particle size. Depending on production needs, it can be processed into powdered organic fertilizer or, after adding auxiliary materials and mixing, granulated into granular organic fertilizer. Granular products are easier to store, transport, and apply using mechanized fertilization.
Finally, the finished product undergoes processing and packaging. Granular organic fertilizer requires drying, cooling, and dust removal to reduce moisture content and prevent clumping and mold growth. Some products may be coated to enhance slow-release effects. After passing quality inspection, it is quantitatively packaged using automated packaging equipment and finally stored in a warehouse, completing the entire organic fertilizer production process. This entire process achieves resource utilization of waste, combining ecological and agricultural benefits.
