Cow manure is an excellent raw material for natural organic fertilizer. Untreated manure can harbor pathogens and contaminate the soil; however, when standardized and processed into granular organic fertilizer, it offers stable nutrients and ease of storage and transport, while also improving soil quality and promoting crop growth. The complete organic fertilizer production process comprises five core steps: pre-treatment, fermentation, crushing and ingredient mixing, granulation and drying, and screening and packaging.
The first step is raw material pretreatment. Fresh cow manure is collected and cleared of impurities such as plastic and stones, with the moisture content adjusted to between 40% and 50%. If the moisture content is too high, absorbent additives like straw powder or rice husks are mixed in; if too low, water is added. Simultaneously, the carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio is adjusted to lay the groundwork for fermentation and prevent incomplete decomposition.
The second step is high-temperature aerobic fermentation, which is crucial for harmless treatment. The prepared cattle manure mixture is neatly piled, evenly sprayed with a specialized microbial fermentation agent, and thoroughly blended. During fermentation, the temperature is maintained between 55°C and 70°C, and the pile is turned every two to three days using a large wheel compost turner to ensure aeration and oxygen supply, thereby completely eliminating insect eggs, pathogens, and weed seeds. The entire fermentation process lasts 15 to 30 days; the material is considered fully decomposed when it turns dark brown, loses any pungent odor, and acquires a loose texture.
The third step involves crushing and blending. The decomposed manure is fed into a crusher to break down clumps and remove any remaining impurities. Depending on specific planting requirements, appropriate amounts of nutrients—such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements—may be added. The mixture is then thoroughly blended in a mixer to ensure nutrient uniformity and enhance the fertilizer's effectiveness.
The fourth step covers granulation, drying, and cooling.The thoroughly mixed powder material is fed into a new type organic fertilizer granulator and processed into uniform granules. As freshly formed granules have high moisture content, they are passed through a dryer at low temperatures to bring moisture levels within the standard range. Subsequently, they are cooled to prevent clumping, mold, or spoilage caused by moisture, thereby ensuring the granules maintain their hardness and quality.
The final steps are screening and packaging. A screening machine separates out qualified granules of uniform size, while oversized or undersized granules are sent back for re-grinding and re-granulation. The qualified granules are then packaged to become a commercial organic fertilizer made from cattle manure. This entire process transforms livestock waste into a valuable resource; it is eco-friendly, offers long-lasting fertilizing effects, and serves as a high-quality fertilizer for ecological farming.
