Organic fertilizer production is an ecological practice that "turns waste into treasure." It transforms various organic wastes into natural nutrients that nourish the soil, adhering to the principles of "harmlessness and resource utilization" throughout the entire process, with each step embodying the concept of green recycling. While the production process itself is not complex, precise control of details is essential to producing high-quality, efficient fertilizer.
The first step in production is raw material pretreatment, which lays the foundation for fertilizer quality. Raw materials come from a wide range of sources, including livestock and poultry manure, crop straw, mushroom residue, and oilseed cake. Workers first screen to remove impurities such as stones and plastics, then crush large pieces of raw materials like straw to less than 5 cm. Simultaneously, livestock and poultry manure is sun-dried to reduce moisture content to around 60%. Then, it is mixed according to a golden ratio of 25:1 to 30:1 carbon to nitrogen, and fermentation agents are added to ensure microbial activity.
Fermentation and composting are the core steps in organic fertilizer production and the key to achieving harmlessness. The mixed raw materials are piled into mounds 1.5 to 2 meters high and fermented using an aerobic, high-temperature method. Oxygen is replenished and the temperature is controlled by periodic turning. The mound temperature gradually rises to 55 to 65°C, effectively killing insect eggs, pathogens, and weed seeds. Maintaining this temperature for at least 10 days completes the harmless treatment process. During this period, the mound is turned multiple times using a compost turning machine to regulate moisture and oxygen, preventing anaerobic fermentation and the generation of foul odors. The entire fermentation cycle takes approximately 20 to 30 days, until the material turns dark brown and has no pungent odor.
After fermentation, the material enters the post-processing stage. Workers crush and sieve the decomposed material, removing incompletely decomposed residues to ensure uniform fertilizer granules. Depending on the needs of different crops, appropriate amounts of trace elements can be added for mixing. Then, through granulation, drying, and cooling, the fertilizer is made into granules for easy storage and application. Finally, after rigorous testing to ensure that organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels meet standards, it is quantitatively packaged, labeled, and ready for sale.
From organic waste to high-quality organic fertilizer, every step embodies science and responsibility. It not only solves the problem of waste pollution but also improves soil and enhances crop quality, injecting lasting momentum into the development of ecological agriculture and achieving a win-win situation for both economic and ecological benefits.
