Livestock and poultry manure is a common waste product in agricultural production. Randomly dumping it easily breeds bacteria and pollutes the soil and water environment. Through standardized processing techniques, livestock and poultry manure can be transformed into green, high-quality organic fertilizer, achieving resource recycling of waste. The process of making organic fertilizer from manure is standardized, environmentally friendly, and harmless. Key steps include pretreatment, high-temperature fermentation, fine processing, and drying and cooling. The finished product has high fertility and wide applicability.
The first step is raw material pretreatment, which is the foundation for smooth subsequent processing. After collecting manure from various livestock and poultry such as chickens, ducks, cattle, and sheep, workers first manually sort it with machinery to remove impurities such as stones, plastic debris, and hard straw. Then, the moisture content is adjusted through mechanical dehydration or natural drying, controlling the raw material moisture content to around 55%, achieving a state where it can be formed into a clump by hand but crumbles easily when dropped. At the same time, straw, sawdust, and other auxiliary materials are added to adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio, fully preparing for the fermentation reaction.
The second step is high-temperature aerobic fermentation, which is also the core step in harmless treatment. Special fermentation agents are added to the prepared manure raw materials, and after thorough mixing, the mixture is piled into neat windrows. A compost turner is used to periodically turn the pile and supply oxygen, initiating an aerobic fermentation reaction. The pile temperature can steadily rise to 60-70 degrees Celsius. This sustained high-temperature environment thoroughly kills residual bacteria, insect eggs, and weed seeds in the manure, effectively removing the foul odor and accelerating the decomposition and transformation of organic matter. After 15-20 days of high-temperature fermentation, and then about a month of maturation, the material becomes loose and fine in texture, and the nutrients stabilize, completing the harmless maturation process.
The third step involves crushing and screening to purify and optimize the fertilizer raw materials. The matured organic fertilizer raw materials may contain some clumps and uneven particle sizes, requiring them to be sent to a professional crusher for further processing, thoroughly pulverizing large pieces into fine powder. After crushing, the fertilizer undergoes fine screening using a drum screen to rigorously filter out incompletely decomposed lumps and residual impurities, ultimately yielding a high-quality organic fertilizer powder with a uniform texture and a pure, fine consistency. This effectively improves fertilizer purity and subsequent application efficacy.
The fourth step is granulation processing to meet diverse fertilization needs. The screened pure powder can be processed differently depending on the application scenario. For simple household and garden fertilization, the powder can be used directly, while for large-scale, mechanized fertilization in farmland, granulation is required. The refined powder is fed into a granulator machine, where it is granulated into uniformly sized organic fertilizer particles. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and various trace elements can also be added according to the different growth needs of various crops, optimizing the fertilizer nutrient ratio and making the fertilizer suitable for more planting scenarios.
Finally, drying and cooling are performed to complete the final product shaping and packaging. Freshly granulated organic fertilizer particles have high moisture content and temperature, making them highly susceptible to moisture absorption, clumping, and spoilage. Therefore, they need to be sent to a drying machine for low-temperature drying, with precise temperature control to reduce the moisture content of the particles while retaining nutrients. After drying, the high-temperature granules undergo natural ventilation or mechanical cooling to lower their temperature. Once the temperature drops to room temperature and the granules are dry and hard, they undergo rigorous quality inspection to test for nutrient content, pH, and harmful residues. The qualified organic fertilizer is then sealed in automated packaging to effectively prevent moisture and spoilage, facilitating long-term storage, transportation, and sale.
The entire organic fertilizer production line is scientific and environmentally friendly. It not only effectively solves the problem of livestock and poultry manure pollution, but also transforms waste into high-quality organic fertilizer, which can effectively improve soil, enrich soil fertility, and enhance the quality of crops, providing strong support for the green development of ecological agriculture.
