Livestock and poultry manure is a high-quality agricultural organic waste resource. However, if it is randomly piled up and directly returned to the field, it not only easily breeds mosquitoes and produces odors but also pollutes the soil and water environment. Through standardized and regulated processing techniques, livestock and poultry manure can be transformed into qualified commercial organic fertilizer, realizing the transformation of waste into treasure and the cycle of planting and breeding. The complete organic fertilizer production process consists of four major steps: raw material pretreatment, high-temperature aerobic fermentation, fine deep processing, screening and quality inspection, and finished product packaging. The entire process is simple, mature, and environmentally friendly.
Raw material pretreatment is the fundamental step before organic fertilizer processing. Fresh livestock and poultry manure has a high water content, an imbalanced carbon-nitrogen ratio, and contains a small amount of impurities, making it unsuitable for direct fermentation. In production, only simple processing is needed: screening removes stones and impurities; solid-liquid separation equipment adjusts the material moisture content; straw, sawdust, and other auxiliary materials are added to adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio; and a composting agent is evenly sprinkled in and mixed to ensure the material is uniform and stable, meeting the conditions for subsequent fermentation.
High-temperature aerobic fermentation is the core step in achieving the harmless and mature decomposition of materials. The prepared materials are piled in fermentation tanks or fermentation sites, and a compost turning machine is used to periodically turn and aerate the material, activating microbial decomposition. During fermentation, the material temperature can reach 55 to 70 degrees Celsius. This sustained high temperature thoroughly kills pathogens, insect eggs, and weed seeds in the feces, completing the harmless treatment. After 15 to 20 days of continuous fermentation and maintenance, the material gradually turns brownish-red, has no pungent odor, and has a loose and fine texture, indicating that the material is fully matured and stable.
The matured material needs to undergo fine processing to improve product quality and usability. First, the material is crushed and sieved to remove large lumps and ensure uniform particle size. According to production standards, appropriate amounts of beneficial microorganisms and trace elements can be added to enrich the fertilizer nutrients. Then, granulation, drying, and cooling processes are carried out sequentially. The granulator turns the loose powdery material into regular granules. Drying and cooling stabilize the granule shape, lock in nutrients, and reduce moisture, effectively preventing fertilizer from becoming damp and clumping, greatly facilitating storage, transportation, and field application.
Finally, the processed granular fertilizer undergoes secondary screening and quality testing. Once all indicators meet standards, it is packaged and stored using automated packaging equipment, ultimately becoming compliant commercial organic fertilizer. Using livestock and poultry manure to produce organic fertilizer effectively solves the waste pollution problem of large-scale farming, reducing environmental pressure, while also producing high-quality fertilizer that improves soil quality and fertility, reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and contributing to the green and sustainable development of ecological agriculture.
