Organic fertilizers can improve soil structure and enhance crop quality. Granular organic fertilizers are highly favored by farmers due to their ease of storage, transportation, and uniform application. Their production, based on conventional organic fertilizers, incorporates the crucial step of granulation, resulting in a more targeted process.
The first stage is raw material processing. After collecting organic materials such as livestock and poultry manure, straw, and kitchen waste, impurities such as plastic and stones are removed manually or mechanically before being mixed in appropriate proportions. If the materials are too wet, dry straw is added to adjust the moisture content to an appropriate level (squeezable into a ball when held in the hand, with no water dripping between fingers). A Crusher is then used to crush the mixed materials to the desired size, paving the way for subsequent fermentation and granulation.
Then comes the fermentation and composting stage. Organic fertilizer fermentation agents are added to the crushed materials in appropriate proportions, mixed evenly, and then piled into neat, long piles with curved tops to protect against rainwater. During the initial fermentation phase, the compost should be turned once daily to promote air circulation. When the temperature inside the compost reaches a high level, it should be maintained for a period of time to kill insect eggs and pathogens. Afterwards, the compost should be turned regularly using a compost turner until the fermentation stage is reached. If the compost becomes dry during this period, spray water to maintain humidity. Once the compost turns black, becomes odorless, and grows white mycelium, it should be transferred to a cool, shaded area for secondary composting. During this period, the compost should be turned several times to ensure sufficient nutrient conversion.
The critical pelletizing stage follows immediately. The composted compost is fed into a mixer, where a small amount of water is added to adjust the humidity to the desired level. After mixing thoroughly, the compost is transferred to a granulator. The granulator uses extrusion or rolling to form uniform cylindrical or spherical pellets. The pellets are then fed into a drum fertilizer dryer where they are dried at an appropriate temperature to reduce the moisture content to the specified range and prevent clumping and mold.
Finally, the pellets are cooled and packaged. The dried pellets are cooled in a drum fertilizer cooler to room temperature and then screened to select uniformly sized pellets, removing any debris or oversized pellets. Qualified granules are placed in sealed bags and labeled with the production date and nutrient content, completing the production of granular organic fertilizer.
The entire organic fertilizer production process takes into account both the composting quality and the particle characteristics, ensuring that the fertilizer has sufficient nutrients and good usage and storage performance to meet the needs of agricultural production.
