Pig manure is rich in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and other nutrients. Through scientific processing, it can be transformed into high-quality organic fertilizer, realizing the resource utilization of livestock waste, solving pollution problems, and contributing to green agricultural recycling. The production of high-quality pig manure organic fertilizer must follow a standardized process, with each step directly affecting product quality. The entire process can be divided into four core stages.
The first step is raw material collection and pretreatment. Pig manure is collected centrally from pigsties, and impurities such as plastic and metal are strictly removed to avoid affecting subsequent fermentation. Pig manure naturally has a moisture content of about 70%-80%, requiring the addition of dry materials such as straw and rice husks to adjust the moisture content to 55%-65%. Simultaneously, a carbon source is added to adjust the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio to 25:1-30:1. Then, specialized fermentation agents such as EM bacteria are inoculated to lay the foundation for efficient fermentation. If the pig manure is acidic, wood ash can be added to neutralize it.
The second step is fermentation and decomposition, which is the core of the production process. The pre-treated material is piled into windrows 1.5-2 meters wide and 1-1.5 meters high, or placed in a fermentation tank and covered with a breathable membrane to reduce nutrient loss. Temperature must be strictly controlled during fermentation. During the high-temperature period, the temperature should be maintained at 55-65℃ for 5-7 days to kill pathogens and weed seeds. During the high-temperature period, the pile should be turned every 2-3 days using a compost turning machine to replenish oxygen and ensure even fermentation. The entire fermentation cycle takes 15-20 days in summer and 25-30 days in winter, until the material turns dark brown and has no odor.
The third step is post-processing purification, granulation, drying, and cooling. After fermentation, the material is aged for 10-15 days to stabilize nutrients, then pulverized to below 3 mm and sieved to remove undecomposed impurities. If producing commercial fertilizer, granulation is required: the pulverized material is mixed evenly with an appropriate amount of bentonite and granulated using a granulator, with the particle size controlled at 2-4 mm to ensure uniform and plump particles. Immediately after granulation, the material enters the drying stage using a low-temperature drying process, with the temperature controlled at 60-70℃ to avoid nutrient damage from high temperatures. Drying continues until the material's moisture content drops below 30%. The dried granules are then promptly cooled to room temperature in a cooling device to prevent clumping and deterioration, thus improving granule stability.
Finally, testing and packaging are carried out. The cooled granules undergo rigorous testing to ensure compliance with relevant national standards. After passing testing, they are sealed in moisture-proof and breathable packaging materials. Packaging specifications can be adjusted according to requirements, and the packaging must clearly label the product name, nutrient content, production date, and shelf life. After packaging, the finished product is stored in a dry, well-ventilated, dark, and moisture-proof warehouse to prevent moisture absorption, clumping, or deterioration, ensuring stable product quality.
This complete organic fertilizer production process transforms pig manure from waste into high-quality organic fertilizer, balancing environmental protection and agricultural benefits, promoting a virtuous cycle between animal husbandry and crop cultivation, and providing strong support for the development of green agriculture.
